State preemption law: Miss. Code Ann. § 45-9-51​. Counties and municipalities are generally prohibited from adopting "any ordinance that restricts the possession, carrying, transportation, sale, transfer or ownership of firearms or ammunition or their components​." Further, public housing authorities are prohibited from restricting a tenant from possessing firearms, ammunition, and firearms components in their dwelling. Further, Miss. Code Ann. § 45-9-53​ bars a county, municipality or their employees and officers from participating in a firearm turn-in (colloquially known as buybacks) unless the collected firearms are offered at auction to federal firearms licensees.

Miss. Code Ann. § 45-9-53​ provides exemptions to the general prohibition on counties and municipalities to permit them to regulate the discharge of firearms within certain parameters(see also: Miss. Code Ann. § 45-9-57), the storage of black powder, the receipt of firearms at pawnshops, regulate firearms businesses through zoning provided zoning ordinances are not used to circumvent the preemption statute. Further, counties and municipalities are permitted "to regulate the carrying of a firearm at: (i) a public park or at a public meeting of a county, municipality or other governmental body; (ii) a political rally, parade or official political meeting; or (iii) a nonfirearm-related school, college or professional athletic event​." 

Miss. Code Ann. § 45-9-53 establishes a remedy for individuals adversely affected by a county or municipality's violation of state firearms preemption. A plaintiff may seek declarative and injunctive relief and a prevailing plaintiff is entitled to reasonable attorney's fees and costs. Further, "any elected county or municipal official under whose jurisdiction the violation occurred may be civilly liable in a sum not to exceed One Thousand Dollars ($1,000.00)​."

Restrictions on firearms and ammunition in a declared state of emergency:​​ Miss. Code Ann. § 33-7-303​ states that no statute "shall be construed to confer upon the Governor or any official or employee of any department, agency or political subdivision of the state the power to​: (i) Confiscate or seize a firearm, ammunition, or components of firearms or ammunition from a person who is in lawful possession of such firearm, ammunition, or components of ammunition; or(ii) Impose additional restrictions as to the lawful possession, transfer, sale, carrying, storage, display or use of firearms, ammunition, or components of firearms or ammunition.​"

Miss. Code Ann. § 45-9-53(d) creates an exemption the state firearms preemption statute to "regulate the use of firearms in cases of insurrection, riots and natural disasters in which the city finds such regulation necessary to protect the health and safety of the public." However, the subsection goes on to make clear that this authority "shall not apply to the lawful possession of firearms, ammunition or components of firearms or ammunition​."

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